利用 Spring 多租户库掌握多租户技术

利用 Spring 多租户库掌握多租户技术

驾驭现代软件平台中租户隔离的复杂性：

Spring 多租户库为实施多租户应用程序提供了标准化方法。本指南将引导您使用 Spring 多租户库创建一个稳健、可扩展的游戏平台。

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-multitenancy</artifactId>
        <version>.2.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
        <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2.1 解决租户问题

@Component
public class AdvancedTenantResolver implements TenantResolver {
    // Multiple resolution strategies
    @Override
    public DataSource resolveDataSource(TenantResolveRequest request) {
        // Resolution strategies prioritized:
        // 1. Header-based
        // 2. Subdomain-based
        // . Path-based
        // 4. Fallback mechanism
    }
}

主要解决策略：

• 基于头信息：通过 HTTP 标头识别租户

Uses custom HTTP header X-Game-Tenant
Ideal for API-driven applicati
Example: curl -H "X-Game-Tenant: aggregator1" 

• 基于子域：租户来自子域

Extracts tenant from subdomain
Common in SaaS platforms
Example: 

• 基于路径：从 URL 路径提取租户

Tenant identified in URL path
Suitable for REST-like architectures
Example: 

• 查询参数解析

Tenant specified as query parameter
Flexible for various use cases
Example: 

• 后备机制：无法解决时的默认租户

所有策略的代码

import org.TenantResolver;
import org.TenantResolveRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.Map;
import java.ConcurrentHashMap;

@Component
public class MultiTenantResolutionStrategies implements TenantResolver {
    // Simulated tenant data sources
    private static final Map<String, DataSource> TEAT_DATA_SOURCES = new ConcurrentHashMap<>() {{
        put("aggregator1", createMockDataSource("aggregator1"));
        put("aggregator2", createMockDataSource("aggregator2"));
        put("game-platform", createMockDataSource("game-platform"));
    }};

    // 1. Header-Based Tenant Resolution
    private String resolveByHeader(TenantResolveRequest request) {
        // Resolve tenant from custom HTTP header
        String tenantHeader = request.getHttpServletRequest()
            .getHeader("X-Game-Tenant");
        
        if (StringUtils.hasText(tenantHeader)) {
            println("Tenant Resolved via Header: " + tenantHeader);
            return tenantHeader;
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 2. Subdomain-Based Tenant Resolution
    private String resolveBySubdomain(TenantResolveRequest request) {
        // Extract tenant from subdomain
        String host = request.getHttpServletRequest().getServerame();
        String[] subdomains = host.split("\\.");
        
        if (subdomains.length > 1) {
            String subdomain = subdomains[0];
            println("Tenant Resolved via Subdomain: " + subdomain);
            return subdomain;
        }
        return null;
    }

    // . Path-Based Tenant Resolution
    private String resolveByPath(TenantResolveRequest request) {
        // Extract tenant from URL path
        String requestURI = request.getHttpServletRequest().getRequestURI();
        String[] pathSegments = requestURI.split("/");
        
        // Assuming tenant is the first path segment after root
        if (pathSegments.length > 1 && 
            !pathSegments[1].isEmpty() && 
            TEAT_DATA_(pathSegments[1])) {
            
            String tenantFromPath = pathSegments[1];
            println("Tenant Resolved via Path: " + tenantFromPath);
            return tenantFromPath;
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 4. Query Parameter-Based Tenant Resolution
    private String resolveByQueryParam(TenantResolveRequest request) {
        // Extract tenant from query parameter
        String tenantParam = request.getHttpServletRequest()
            .getParameter("tenant");
        
        if (StringUtils.hasText(tenantParam)) {
            println("Tenant Resolved via Query Param: " + tenantParam);
            return tenantParam;
        }
        return null;
    }

    // Main resolution method - combines all strategies
    @Override
    public DataSource resolveDataSource(TenantResolveRequest request) {
        // Resolution order: 
        // 1. Header
        // 2. Subdomain
        // . Path
        // 4. Query Parameter
        // 5. Fallback to default
        
        String resolvedTenant = 
            resolveByHeader(request) != null 
                ? resolveByHeader(request) 
                : resolveBySubdomain(request) != null 
                    ? resolveBySubdomain(request)
                    : resolveByPath(request) != null 
                        ? resolveByPath(request)
                        : resolveByQueryParam(request) != null 
                            ? resolveByQueryParam(request)
                            : "default-aggregator";

        // Retrieve and return the corresponding DataSource
        DataSource tenantDataSource = TEAT_DATA_SOURCES.getOrDefault(
            resolvedTenant, 
            TEAT_DATA_SOURCES.get("default-aggregator")
        );

        println("Final Resolved Tenant: " + resolvedTenant);
        return tenantDataSource;
    }

    // Utility method to create mock DataSource
    private static DataSource createMockDataSource(String tenantId) {
        return new MockDataSource(tenantId);
    }

    // Inner class for mock DataSource
    private static class MockDataSource implements DataSource {
        private final String tenantId;

        public MockDataSource(String tenantId) {
             = tenantId;
        }

        // Implement DataSource methods (simplified for demtration)
        @Override
        public java.sql.Connection getConnection() {
            println("Connecting to tenant database: " + tenantId);
            return null; // Mock implementation
        }

        // Other DataSource method implementati would go here
        // (Omitted for brevity)
    }
}

2.2 租户背景管理

public class TenantContextManager {
    // Thread-local storage of tenant information
    private static final ThreadLocal<TenantContext> currentTenant = new ThreadLocal<>();
    // Methods to manage tenant context
    public void setTenantContext(TenantContext context) {
        currentTenant.set(context);
    }
    public TenantContext getCurrentTenant() {
        return currentTenant.get();
    }
    public void clearTenantContext() {
        currentTenant.remove();
    }
}

情境管理功能：

• 线程安全租户信息存储
• 动态租户切换
• 自动清理上下文

2. 高级配置

@Configuration
@EnableMultitenancy
public class MultitenancyAdvancedConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public MultitenancyConfigurer multitenancyConfigurer() {
        return MultitenancyConfigurer.builder()
            .tenantResolver(customTenantResolver())
            .defaultTenant("primary-aggregator")
            .tenantValidation(this::validateTenant)
            .dataSourceProvider(customDataSourceProvider())
            .build();
    }
private boolean validateTenant(String tenantId) {
        // Comprehensive tenant validation
        return StringUtils.hasText(tenantId) && 
               ("^[a-zA-Z0-9-]+$") && 
               tenantId.length() <= 50 &&
               isValidBusinessTenant(tenantId);
    }
    private DataSourceProvider customDataSourceProvider() {
        return new DataSourceProvider() {
            @Override
            public DataSource getDataSource(String tenantId) {
                // Custom data source creation logic
                return createTenantSpecificDataSource(tenantId);
            }
        };
    }
}

高级配置组件：

• 自定义租户解析器
• 租户验证
• 动态数据源供应
• 灵活的配置生成器

2.4 租户意识实体

@Entity
@MultitenantEntity
public class GamePlatformEntity {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Long id;
    @TenantColumn
    private String tenantId;
    // Tenant-specific fields and logic
    @Column(name = "tenant_specific_config")
    private String tenantConfiguration;
    // Automatic tenant assignment
    @PrePersist
    public void setTenantBeforeCreate() {
         = TenantContextHolder.getCurrentTenant();
    }
}

实体多租户功能：

• 自动分配租户 ID
• 租户专栏
• 预存租户上下文捕捉

2.5 动态租户供应

@Service
public class TenantProvisioningService {
    @Autowired
    private MultitenancyConfigurer multitenancyConfigurer;

    public void createewTenant(TenantProvisionRequest request) {
            // Comprehensive tenant creation process
            DataSource tenantDataSource = createTenantDataSource(request);
            
            multitenancyConfigurer.addTenant(
                request.getTenantId(), 
                tenantDataSource
            );
        }
        private DataSource createTenantDataSource(TenantProvisionRequest request) {
            HikariDataSource dataSource = new HikariDataSource();
            dataSource.setJdbcUrl(generateTenantDatabaseUrl(request.getTenantId()));
            dataSource.setUsername(request.getUsername());
            dataSource.setPassword(request.getPassword());
            
            // Additional configuration
            dataSource.setMaximumPoolSize(10);
            dataSource.setConnectionTimeout(0000);
            
            return dataSource;
        }
}

调配功能：

• 动态增加租户
• 可配置的数据源创建
• 连接池管理

2.6 安全考虑因素

@Configuration
public class TenantSecurityConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public SecurityFilterChain tenantSecurityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
            .authorizeHttpRequests(authz -> authz
                .requestMatchers("/tenant/**").hasRole("TEAT_ADMI")
                .requestMatchers("/api/**").authenticated()
            )
            .tenantValidation(validator -> 
                validator.addTenantValidator(this::customTenantValidator)
            );
        
        return http.build();
    }
    private boolean customTenantValidator(String tenantId) {
            // Advanced tenant validation
            return (tenantId) &&
                   !tenantRepository.isSuspended(tenantId);
        }
    }

安全机制：

• 基于角的租户访问
• 自定义租户验证
• 全面的安全过滤器

2.7 性能优化

@Configuration
public class MultitenancyPerformanceConfig {
    @Bean
    public CacheManager tenantCacheManager() {
        return CacheManagerBuilder
            .newCacheManagerBuilder()
            .withCache("tenantCache", 
                CacheConfigurationBuilder
                    .newCacheConfigurationBuilder(, )
                    .withExpiry(ExpiryPolicy.CREATED)
                    .build()
            )
            .build();
    }
}

性能提升：

• 租户解析缓存
• 连接池优化
• 高效的上下文管理

标准化多租户

• 连贯一致的实施
• 轻松配置
• 灵活的租户管理

性能

• 高效解决租户问题
• 最低管理费用
• 可扩展架构

安全

• 稳健的租户隔离
• 全面验证
• 灵活的访问控制

1. 配置复杂性
2. 租户多时的性能开销
3. 系统复杂性增加

1. 实施全面的租户验证
2. 使用连接池
3. 实施强大的日志记录功能
4. 定期进行安全审计
5. 考虑缓存策略